Cabling Definitions
Backbone wiring is the cabling used to interconnect between telecommunication closets, equipment rooms and buildings.
A 19-inch rack is a standardized frame or enclosure for mounting multiple equipment modules. A frame style, open rack (see image to the right) would have outer posts but no front or side panels. An enclosed rack has sides and a door for security and usually includes ventilating fans to keep equipment cool. Enclosures are much more expensive than open racks.
Racks have a front panel that is 19 inches wide, including edges or ears that protrude on each side which allow the shelves, switches and patch panels to be fastened to the rack frame with screws.
Rack Unit or U is a unit of measure that describes the height of equipment to be mounted in a computer equipment rack. One rack unit is 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) high. The size of rack-mounted equipment is described as a number in “U”. For example, one rack unit is referred to as “1U”, 2 rack units as “2U” and so on. A typical full size rack is 42U, which means it holds just over 6 feet of equipment.
Wall Plates are the metal or plastic covers that house the network connection jack. Wall plates are flush-mounted on office and residential drywal surfaces.
RJ45 Connector is the modular connector that is found at the end of a network cable. It is similar in look functionality to a phone connection 
but it is larger in size and it has 4-pairs of wires rather than the 2-pairs that are found in a phone line.
Jacks and Inserts are the actual connection at the wallplate. They are often color coded to distinguish the different connections such as voice and data.
Patch Panel is a series of 24, 48 or 96 RJ45 network connectors on a 
panel. The patch panel is the hub of all incoming workstation network connections.
Patch Cable is a network cable with RJ45 connectors at each end that create the connection from the wallplate to the computer and also from the patch panel to the switch.
Horizontal wiring encompasses all cable from a wallplate network connection to the wiring closet. The outlets, cable, and cross-connects in the closet are all part of the horizontal wiring.
Wiring closet is an enclosed area, such as a room or cabinet, for containing network, telecommunications equipment, and cable terminations. Each building must have at least one wiring closet.
Equipment room is the space that houses the office network and telecommunications systems such as PBXs, racks, servers, and the mechanical terminations of the cabling system. Larger facilities often have Equipment Rooms rather than Wiring Closets.
Cabling administration is a process that includes all aspects of premise wiring related to documenting and managing the system, testing the system, as well as the architectural plans for the system.
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